At a glance
- When
- about 500 to 774 CE
- Where
- Pannonia, in today's Hungary, then northern and central Italy from 568 CE
- Entries in our catalogue
- 150 (105 individual genomes)
- Countries of the finds
- 4
What ancient DNA shows
A 2018 study in Nature Communications of two Lombard era cemeteries, Szolad in Hungary and Collegno in Italy, found that each was organised around a large family whose members carried Central and Northern European ancestry, while other people buried there had ancestry closer to Southern Europe.
Later work on more Lombard period sites found the same pattern: a migrant core of northern ancestry, mixing with local populations over generations.
Their genetic legacy today
The Lombard migration added Central and Northern European ancestry to northern Italy, a contribution that is detectable but modest in the present-day population.
Lombards samples in the MYDNATLAS catalogue
Our ancient DNA catalogue holds 150 entries whose culture label names the Lombards. 105 of them are individual genomes; the others are reference entries, such as averages of several individuals, and samples flagged as outliers. Half of the 150 dated entries fall between 525 CE and 640 CE, with a median of 560 CE.
Where they were found
| Country | Entries |
|---|---|
| Italy | 71 |
| Hungary | 66 |
| Czechia | 7 |
| Austria | 6 |
Most common labels
| Label | Entries |
|---|---|
| Lombard (Italy) | 68 |
| Lombard (Langobard) | 52 |
| Lombard (Hungary) | 14 |
| Longobard / Late Antiquity-Migration Period | 6 |
| Hungary Langobard (Outlier) | 3 |
| Hungary Langobard | 2 |
Measured from the live catalogue on 2026-10-17. Dates are those recorded for each entry; the archaeological dates of the culture are given above. See our data sources for where the samples come from.
Compare your DNA with the Lombards
To see how close you sit to Lombards samples, you need your DNA as G25 coordinates. Download your raw data file from your testing company, convert it, and MYDNATLAS compares your coordinates with these entries and the rest of the catalogue, period by period, in its closest population and mixture tools.
- Download your raw DNA file: step by step for each testing company.
- Upload it from 23andMe, AncestryDNA, MyHeritage or FamilyTreeDNA, or another supported provider.
- Explore the results with the period by period breakdown and closest populations.
Start free: browse the Population Encyclopedia. The Population Encyclopedia is free to browse with a free account; analysing your own DNA needs a paid plan.
Questions
How many Lombards samples does MYDNATLAS hold?
Our ancient DNA catalogue holds 150 entries labelled as Lombards, of which 105 are individual genomes; the rest are reference entries such as group averages, and flagged outliers. Figures measured 2026-10-17.
Where were the Lombards samples found?
They come from 4 countries, most often Italy, Hungary, Czechia and Austria. Half of the dated entries fall between 525 CE and 640 CE.
Were the Lombards genetically Germanic?
The core families in the studied Lombard cemeteries carried Central and Northern European ancestry, but they lived and married alongside people of local ancestry, so Lombard communities were mixed.